Tobacco Smoking And Its Effects - 1089 Words

Tobacco [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Tobacco Introduction Tobacco smoking is the major preventable cause of illness and mortality in developed countries. Tobacco smoke is a combination of approximately 4,000 toxic chemicals and at least 42 components are associated with cancer. Tobacco Smoking is responsible for 30% of cancer deaths and 90% of deaths from lung cancer (Arnold, 2001). The other cancers related to cigarette use are mouth cancer, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, pancreas, kidney, bladder and cervix. The smoke is associated with an increased risk of a variety of cancers. Of almost 5000 tobacco components, proved to be more than 50 carcinogens. It is estimated that 30% of all cancers in industrialized†¦show more content†¦Male infertility is the inability to achieve a pregnancy after one year of frequent sex without using contraception. Research has produced important new data to help men-smokers who want to be parents. By abandoning the habit of tobacco smoking, they can start reproduction. Physical Effects on life Tobacco smoking impairs the oxygenation of the lungs, i.e., there is a decreased amount of air absorbed by the lungs and, as a consequence, reducing the blood’s ability to carry oxygen to cells and muscles of the body. This fact leads to loss of physical ability to perform life activities like playing sports and dancing. In all, over time the lungs of the smoker lose elasticity and space for the exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen. This results in a reduced respiratory capacity because there is less air in and out, which also affect the practice of sports. Nicotine increases the heart rate, which means that the heart of the smoker is forced to â€Å"work† more to have the same performance as the heart of a nonsmoker. So while smokers practice exercises: they tire more easily; have less endurance and less breathless than people who do not smoke. Psychological effects on life One of the common justifications of tobacco smokers to maintain the habit is that smoking relieves stress. And it seems they are right. Those who had received nicotine patches were less likely to retaliate against provocations virtual enemy(Swan, 2007).

Comparing the Personalities of the Writers, Dante and Chaucer

Even though Dante and Chaucer never met, Dante having died 19 years before Chaucer was born, Dante inadvertently became Chaucer’s life long mentor. Dante’s severe spirit turned out to be far more harsh than Chaucer’s nature, however Dante’s protà ©gà ©, Boccaccio, became one of Chaucer’s greatest inspirations. Looking back at both Dante and Chaucer’s works, experts now see striking similarities in their writing. Whether Chaucer ever meant to use Dante’s materials or not, he is now closely compared with his contrary counter part. The original purpose of this paper was to tell how closely related Chaucer’s writing was to Dante’s, however, a closer look at the man, the better the picture is that shows the blatant contrasts between these two†¦show more content†¦These experiences made Dante quickly realize that this world is corrupt to the core. â€Å"Greed for material things is the main fault, greed which is all owed to dictate the actions of men. Only a cessation of strife, the establishment of universal peace can ensure the happiness of mankind and allow men to pursue the ultimate aim for which God has destined them on earth, that of exercising constantly and to the full their distinctive quality, the ‘Virtus Intellective’ (virtuous intellect)† (Limentani,117). He believed that life on this earth was for a purpose and had meaning to it this can be seen in the Inferno because Dante is working to make his journey purposeful. He travels so far and tries so hard to work his way up to heaven. Chaucer stands in contrast to Dante’s almost dogmatic piety and looks to other things as purposeful in his life. Chaucer’s views of life come from a very political point of view. He was introduced to court life while still in his teens, becoming a page to one of the kings daughter-in-laws. From there he rose in status until he was promoted to the rank of esquire. Though h e was exposed to political plots and war Chaucer exhibit’s a lust and compassion for life that completely eludes Dante’s works. While he was easy going and generally sympathetic to others Chaucer was nothing of a typical idealist. While Dante searched for ways to better the world by destroying chaotic war and hate, Chaucer was content to let the world

Citizen Bank Case Free Essays

The merger of U. S. Citizen Bank and Louisiana Purchase Bank (LPB) in 1998 resulted in a formation of a financial powerhouse possessing core competencies in commercial lending and innovation. We will write a custom essay sample on Citizen Bank Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now Upon recognizing the much needed annuity-driven market potential existing within the U. S. college population, the LPB pioneered the student credit card program in 1989. Indeed, the student credit card program proved to be more profitable with net income margin around 6 percent compared to that of 4 percent for non-student product offerings. In fact, LPB was collecting revenue on 60 percent of its accounts. The sheer magnitude of credit usage among college students caught public’s attention. Well respected college professors claimed direct correlation between credit institutions’ success and college students’ irresponsible financial behavior leading to debt and higher drop-out rates. Due to this increased public awareness, The U. S.  General Accounting Office (GAO) initiated an investigative report to further analyze the magnitude of student credit card usage and its consequences on students’ academic, financial, and personal well-being. The GAO asked LPB’s head of Student Card Services division, Michelle Jeffries, to participate in a survey soliciting data pertinent to their college student accounts as well as information regarding LPB’s marketing approach to this demographic. Data submitted would be compared to that of other (unnamed) financial institutions and published (in aggregate) without identifying individual responders. In addition, Michelle Jeffries was notified that a popular investigative television series, ’60 Minutes’ will be featuring a story on student credit cards and plans to portray credit card issuers in a negative light similar to that of tobacco companies. I believe Michelle is in the best position to be the key decision maker due to the fact that she has the most insight into divisional operations, objectives, and values. She is the leader of the student credit card services division and should be the one to decide and communicate next steps – after having gathered input from other constituents – including the President, Risk Manager and other employees. Michelle needs to consider the interests of U. S. Citizen Bank, its employees and shareholders, all calling for a profitable and prospering organization. In addition, she needs to consider the rights of general public and media to know what U. S.  Citizen Bank’s ultimate objectives are, including its corporate values and goals. Does U. S. Citizen Bank need to have a moral obligation to look after the best interests of customers it serves? If so, what is in college students’ best interest when it comes to credit cards? Is it ethical to extend credit to students? Finally, Michelle needs to think about her own virtues and character in addition to those of the organization. What virtues does the company value the most? Do those align with her personal virtues? The most important ethical issue at hand is the implied allegation that success of U. S Citizen Bank’s Student Card Services division was at the expense of college students’ financial well-being. That begs the question of moral obligation and the ethics of extending credit to college students. Another important ethical issue is U. S. Citizen Bank’s response to the public in regards to the GAO survey as well as 60 Minutes. The bank is being asked to disclose confidential customer information as well as their business and marketing plans. Lastly, Michelle needs to marry her own personal values to those of the organization which she leads. She has a solid track record of being honest, fair and ethical and she needs to lead the organization keeping those core values in mind. Lastly, she needs to assure those shared values are actually being practiced. Michelle is presented with the following possible options. She could disregard GAO’s request for information on grounds of protecting customer privacy as well as corporate business and marketing plans in terms of promotional and marketing strategies. She could also choose not to publicly address 60 Minutes to avoid the possibility of self-imposed negative attention on U. S. Citizen Bank in relation to the series. Another viable option would be to submit the requested information to the GAO as well as publicly address the 60 Minutes series while firmly defending company’s current strategy without identifying any holes or areas for improvement. The third option would be to respond to the GAO’s request as well as release a public statement in response to the 60 Minutes series clearly identifying U.  S. Citizen Bank’s corporate values, objectives and responsibilities to all of its stakeholders. In both responses, Michelle could acknowledge things the corporation believes they’ve done right as well as things they could and plan to improve on in response to helping college students become more financially responsible when it comes to credit card debt. Michelle should respond to the GAO survey by submitting requested account data and marketing information while emphasizing company’s strong commitment to customer privacy and onfidentiality of information submitted. She should address the 60 Minutes series by clearly identifying and defending her organization’s values and commitment to its customers. She should highlight company’s accomplishments and strides in the area of student credit card education programs. Furthermore, she should identify areas of improvement with well-defined action plans that will elevate the organization to the next level vs. merely pointing out weaknesses to the competitors. The overall theme should re-iterate company’s commitment to all of its stakeholders, acknowledging what they’ve done to support that commitment followed by an action plan to further evolve and improve their student credit card education programs. They should raise the bar for all credit card issuers on educating college students on responsible use of credit cards. More importantly, they should publicly acknowledge their ethical responsibility to provide customers with information necessary to make sound financial decisions. Michelle also needs to ensure external communication aligns with the internal translation in order to successfully execute publicly announced action plan. Internal stakeholders need to be assured that external message is honest and action-driven and not just a media ‘spin’ to protect company’s interests. An internal communication to employees and shareholders should clearly translate the external message into sustainable long-term profitability and well-being of the company. Considering the interests of all parties involved, the suggested approach is clearly the right one. By publicly acknowledging and recognizing an increased concern surrounding college students’ credit card debt, they will gain public’s sympathy and respect. By choosing to do something about it via a well defined action plan, they will gain public’s trust. By gaining public’s trust, they will gain a more loyal and increased customer base which will contribute to company’s long-term profitability. In addition, this approach will clearly communicate company’s values and traits of responsible corporate citizenship which will set an example for other companies in their industry, including their competitors. One might argue the organization should really re-evaluate the business they are in as it may not be morally responsible to extend credit cards to students. I would argue that the morality question certainly does come into play and should definitely be considered when deciding on tactics used to promote and market credit cards to students. However, the actual extension of credit to students, by its nature, is not unethical. In fact, when utilized properly, it serves students’ interests by allowing them to build credit history while teaching financial responsibility and spending within means. In conclusion, while credit lending geared towards college students is not considered unethical business to be in, marketing techniques utilized to promote such products and service may certainly cross ethical boundaries. How to cite Citizen Bank Case, Essay examples

Dark Romantic Use of Poetic Techniques free essay sample

The Blackness of eternal night encompassed me. I struggled for breath. † (Poe). One can barely stand being alone, blinded by the darkness in a place one knows, imagine somewhere that one is completely clueless of what lays ahead! This quote describes how the narrator from the pit and the pendulum feels that the darkness that completely surrounds the narrator oppress and suffocate the narrator. Besides the â€Å"Pit and The Pendulum† by Edgar Allan Poe, â€Å"The Devil and The Tom Walker† by Washington Irving focus the story around the main character committing mistakes, and whether the main character fix them or inevitably leads to their death. Both stories share dark romantic characteristics that exemplify dark romantic genre. While both â€Å"The Pit and the Pendulum† and â€Å"The Devil and Tom Walker† exemplify the genre of dark romantic, each story is unique in its use of dark romantic characteristics to establish a suspenseful mood. Both stories begin with an eerie setting to draw the reader into a suspenseful moo. In â€Å"The Devil and Tom Walker† tom decides to walk alone in a â€Å"†¦ill-chosen route. The swamp was covered with great gloomy pines and hemlocks†¦ It was full of pits and quagmires. Partly covered with weeds and mosses, where the green surface often betrayed the traveler into a gulf of black†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Irving). This quote describes the loneness and creepiness of the forest as Tom walks alone in the forest, making the forest a threatening environment. The reader then has the expectation that in a threatening environment like that, something bad will happen; keeping the reader on full alert. On the other hand â€Å"The pit and The Pendulum† eerie setting is in a dark ominous cell in which the narrator is jailed in during the inquisition. The cell is completely dark, giving of a threatening environment since the looming threat of torture by the inquisitors lie ahead. Even though the environment is threatening the narrator behaves calm, thus having the reader calm to but jumping at every small change. The eerie setting set in each story are similar in the way that both characters are vulnerable to attacks but differ in where they take place, setting a different tone of suspense. A poetic technique Irving and Poe imply well to their short stories are sensory details to make their stories more suspenseful. In â€Å"The Pit and the Pendulum† as the narrator is strapped down helplessly the narrator describes in horror the pendulum, â€Å"†¦ I counted the rushing vibrations of the steel! Inch by inch-line by line-with a descent only appreciable at intervals that seemed ages-down and still down it came†¦ it swept so closely over me as to fan me with its acrid breath. The odor of the sharp steel forced itself into me nostrils†¦ I grew frantically mad and struggled to force myself upward against the sweep of the fearful scimitar. †- (Poe). The narrator’s descriptintion of the descending pendulum give of the idea that a slow painful death awaits the narrator but still hopeful that the narrator might escape since he has time. This hope adds intensity to the story by one anticipating if the narrator is or is not going to die. In the same manner, â€Å"The devil and Tom Walker† tom encounters the devil and describes him â€Å" a great black man †¦ neither negro nor Indian †¦ a shock of Corse black hair that stood out his head in all direction and bore an ax on his shoulders† (Irving). This description alone is intimidating, the fact that this man is the devil furthermore it adds intensity to the encounter between the devil and tom. The different graphic detail on both stories has the reader sitting on the edge of their seats For the most part throughout both stories many chilling event occur in an effort to establish a suspenseful mood. In one of the punishments from the judges from â€Å"the pit and the pendulum† the narrator has to decide between being squished by the cells movable walls or jumping into the well both resulting in death. At the realization of this the narrator describes his horror â€Å"it burned itself upon my shuddering recently – oh! For a voice to speak – oh! Horror – oh! Any horror but this! With a shriek I rushed from the margin and buried my face in my hands – weeping bitterly† (Poe). This quote not only states that the narrator has lost the hope of making it out alive but also makes the reader wonder â€Å"is this really it. He has made it through so many punishments. Is he really going to die? † The narrator’s confrontation with this reality makes the chilling events set a suspenseful mood. In contrast in â€Å"the devil and tom walker† tom walker’s wife disappears after she informs tom that she will make a deal with the devil. The mysterious disappearance of Tom’s wife leaves the reader with nervousness. These chilling event leave the reader nerve-wrecked in different ways. In especially character development in bot stories helps builds suspense. In â€Å"The Devil and Tom Walker† Tom goes from an average guy to a wealthy men through ill- gotten wealth from the devil. With this development in mind, the reader realizes the story has a deeper meaning, a moral lesson to teach. This realization leads the reader to anticipate something bad to Tom. Controversially, in â€Å"The Pit and The Pendulum† the narrator begins the story with the decision to survive, giving the reader hope that the narrator will live. As the narrator goes through the various punishments imposed by the judges the narrator slowly loses hope. This shred of hope is what kept the narrator alive, losing it means certain death. Generally speaking the reader most certainly does not wish the narrators death, making the reader become anxious as the narrator shows signs of losing hope. The character developments in each story leads reader to not only feel suspense for the characters surroundings but also for the character in various ways. In the final analysis, the authors’ implication of an eerie setting, sensory details, chilling events, and character development achieved a suspenseful mood. Each of these dark romantic characteristics triggers certain emotions such as agitation, nervousness, and anxiety eventually leading to create a suspenseful atmosphere. Both stories use each dark romantic characteristic differently to establish this suspenseful atmosphere. â€Å"The Pit and the Pendulum† by Edgar Allan Poe and â€Å"The Devil and Tom Walker† by Washington Irving establish a suspenseful mood by using the same Dark romantic characteristics differently.